EMT Basic · Chapter 13 · Review · Chapter track
Shock
Referencing the content of EMT-Basic training and emergency patient care
Learning objectives (7)
Demonstrate how to complete an EMS patient care report for a patient with shock — Knowledge/skills objective (printed page 530); confirm wording in your course copy.
- MedlinePlus shock · NIH
- AHA resuscitation science · AHA
Demonstrate how to control shock — Knowledge/skills objective (printed page 530); confirm wording in your course copy.
- MedlinePlus shock · NIH
- AHA resuscitation science · AHA
Describe the pathophysiology of shock (hypoperfusion) — Knowledge/skills objective (printed page 530); confirm wording in your course copy.
- MedlinePlus shock · NIH
- AHA resuscitation science · AHA
Describe the signs and symptoms of shock including compensated and decompensated. p 540) 5. Discuss key components of patient assessment for shock — Knowledge/skills objective (printed page 530); confirm wording in your course copy.
- MedlinePlus shock · NIH
- AHA resuscitation science · AHA
Describe the steps to follow in the emergency care of the patient with various types of shock — Knowledge/skills objective (printed page 530); confirm wording in your course copy.
- MedlinePlus shock · NIH
- AHA resuscitation science · AHA
Differentiate among the various types of shock — Knowledge/skills objective (printed page 530); confirm wording in your course copy.
- MedlinePlus shock · NIH
- AHA resuscitation science · AHA
Identify the causes of shock — Knowledge/skills objective (printed page 530); confirm wording in your course copy.
- MedlinePlus shock · NIH
- AHA resuscitation science · AHA
Chapter web resources
Optional reading from authoritative sites. Your textbook remains the primary source for this course.
- MedlinePlus shock · NIH
Types and recognition of shock
- AHA resuscitation science · AHA
Perfusion and resuscitation principles
When sources disagree (5 topics to verify before you teach from this chapter alone)
Showing Chapter track material. Switch tracks on the chapter page.
Vocabulary · 12
Perfusion
The delivery of oxygenated blood to body tissues at the capillary level.
SourceMerriam-Webster Medical Dictionary — Perfusion
Shock (hypoperfusion)
A state of inadequate tissue perfusion that, if untreated, leads to cell injury and death.
SourceNIH MedlinePlus — Shock
Hypovolemic shock
Shock caused by low circulating blood or fluid volume — from hemorrhage, severe dehydration, or burns.
SourceNIH MedlinePlus — Hypovolemic shock
Cardiogenic shock
Shock caused by failure of the heart to pump effectively, most often after a large myocardial infarction.
SourceAmerican Heart Association — Cardiogenic shock
Distributive shock
Shock from inappropriate vasodilation — including septic, anaphylactic, and neurogenic forms.
SourceNIH MedlinePlus — Septic shock
Obstructive shock
Shock caused by mechanical blockage of blood flow — pulmonary embolism, cardiac tamponade, or tension pneumothorax.
SourceNIH MedlinePlus — Pulmonary embolism
Septic shock
Distributive shock caused by overwhelming infection, with widespread vasodilation and capillary leak.
SourceCDC — Sepsis — what is it
Neurogenic shock
Distributive shock from loss of sympathetic tone below a spinal cord injury, producing hypotension with paradoxical bradycardia.
SourceAmerican Association of Neurological Surgeons — Spinal cord injury
Compensated shock
Early shock in which the body maintains blood pressure through tachycardia, vasoconstriction, and increased respirations.
SourceAmerican College of Surgeons — ATLS — Hemorrhagic shock classification
Decompensated shock
Late shock with falling blood pressure, altered mental status, and failing compensatory mechanisms.
SourceAmerican College of Surgeons — ATLS — Hemorrhagic shock classification
Capillary refill time
Time for color to return to a blanched nail bed; over 2 seconds suggests poor perfusion in many populations.
SourceNIH MedlinePlus — Capillary nail refill test
Orthostatic vital signs
Measurements of heart rate and blood pressure in supine, sitting, and standing positions to detect volume depletion.
SourceNIH MedlinePlus — Orthostatic hypotension
Sequences · 2
- Stages of shock progression — Order the stages of shock from earliest to latest.
- EMT care for the shock patient — Order the EMT priorities when shock is recognized.